Lightning protection system

What is a lightning protection system?

• A lightning protection system is designed to protect a structure, equipment, or people from the damaging effects of lightning strikes.

• In a lightning protection system, electrical components are safeguarded by surge protective devices to stop surges, while buildings or structures are protected with external lightning protection, which comes in the form of lightning rods, metal conductors, and earthing terminals.

1. Air-termination system: Provide a low-resistance path for lightning current to flow into the ground which includes lightning rods, air terminals, and conductors
2. Down conductors: Carry the lightning current from the air-termination system to the earthing system and offer a low-resistance path for the current
3. Earthing system: Dissipate the lightning current safely into the ground
4. Surge protective devices (SPDs): Protect sensitive electronic equipment from transient over-voltages caused by lightning
5. Equipotential bonding: Prevent dangerous potential differences during a lightning strike by ensuring all conductive parts within the structure are at the same potential

The purpose of a lightning protection system is to prevent property damage, fire, and personal injury from both the direct effects of a lightning strike and the secondary effects like electrical surges. By providing a low-impedance path to ground, the system directs the lightning current away from the structure and its contents, minimizing the risk of damage.

1. Lightning protection systems are essential for buildings, structures, and installations where the risk of lightning strikes is significant, such as tall buildings, power plants, telecommunication towers, and industrial facilities. They help safeguard against the fire hazards and structural damage that can result from lightning strikes.